It was in the 1970's that Dr Robert Atkins first shared his low-carbohydrate theory with the world and, while he made waves back then, his work was overshadowed by low-fat fanaticism during the following decades. Now his revolution is back and more popular than ever. The Atkins diet allows practically unrestricted protein consumption and limited carbohydrate intake. As carbs are generally burned first for energy, consuming few or more makes the body burn fat instead, a process called ketosis. The three phases of Atkins are induction, ongoing weight loss, and maintenance. Induction lasts a minimum of two weeks, with the goal of reaching ketosis. Carbs are limited and alcohol and caffeine are prohibited. The ongoing weight loss phase is aptly named, and more carbs are slowly added to the diet until you are 2 1/4 kilograms from desired weight. Phase 3 is a way of eating for life. Weight is monitored to remain fairly constant. If adding carbs adds weight then carb intake is lowered again until a person learns how many grams of carbs will maintain a desired weight.

Benefits: There's no calorie counting on Atkins. Although some of the initial weight loss is water, weight is shed quickly during induction. As many dieters are used to severe calorie restriction, the steaks, omlets and cheese can initially appear to be an indulgence, not a sacrifice.

Side effects: Ketosis can cause bad breath, limiting carbs means less fibre which can lead to constipation. Proteins don't have all the vitamins and minerals necessary for a healthy diet, so you need supplements. Also Atkins is more difficult for some to adhere to, and even cheating a little can prevent weight loss and ketosis.

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